
Gold can be found across the globe but did you know that some experts believe that earthquakes can actually create new gold deposits? The latest in the
KMG Gold Gold Gossip blog series is all about the role that earthquakes can play in gold production.
In the March 17, 2013 issue of the journal
Nature Geoscience, it was reported that the water that is found in the faults created by earthquakes will vapourize during an earthquake and can create new gold deposits. The lead author of the study, Dion Weatherly, a geophysicist at the University of Queensland in Australia, believes that this theory offers an explanation for the link between gold and quartz found in many of the world's gold deposits.
When an earthquake hits, it moves along fault lines in the ground. Large faults can have many smaller fractures along their length which are connected by jogs that appear as rectangular voids. Water often lubricates the faults and fills in these fractures and jogs. And since these are often six miles underground, under very high temperatures and pressures, the water carries high concentrations of carbon dioxide, silica and precious metals like gold.
As the fault jog opens wider during an earthquake, the water inside of this void immediately vapourizes and forces silica (which forms quartz) and gold out of the fluids and onto nearby surfaces.
But don't get too excited because the amount of gold left behind after an earthquake is extremely small and the underground liquids only carry one part per million of the precious metal. However, these deposits can build up over time and can even occur with earthquakes with a magnitude smaller than 4.0. After all, the quartz-linked gold deposits are what sparked historic gold rushes like the ones in California and the Klondike, with prospectors tracing the gravels back to their sources, where hard-rock mining continues today.
The above picture is an example of what gold found in quartz looks like. This is an extreme example, but you never know what you might find!
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